Education Systems in Times of Multiple Crises: The Case of Post-Socialist Transformations

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Institute of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy, Vilnius University, Universiteto str. 9, Vilnius LT-01513, Lithuania

Abstract

The transformation of post-socialist education is perhaps one of the most interesting developments in the history of comparative education. The collapse of the socialist system led to a series of crises:
-          Ideological crisis – the collapse of the socialist idea of education, partially replaced by the ideology of neoliberalism.
-          Social crisis – dismantling of the socialist welfare system and attempts to replace it by different Western models of social welfare.
-          Economic crisis – transition from planned to market economy which led to deterioration of educational infrastructure.
-          Cultural crisis – socialist culture was replaced by different modifications of promoting national and/or regional cultures.
-          Structural crisis – countries with practically identical educational structures chose different ways of restructuring education.
After the failure of the previous system Western researchers assumed that the common model of transition will be very straightforward – post-socialist countries should catch up with the more “modern” Western educational models. However, the transition did not follow the prescribed path and post-socialist countries have chosen different trajectories of educational development.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Article Title [Persian]

نظام های آموزشی در زمان بحران های چندگانه: تغییرات در جوامع مابعد سوسیالیسم

Author [Persian]

  • ریمنتس ژلویس
استاد ، موسسه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده فلسفه، دانشگاه ویولنیوس ، لیتوانی
Abstract [Persian]

تحول در نظام آموزشی جوامع پسا سوسیالیستی شاید یکی از جالب ترین تحولات در تاریخ تعلیم و تربیت باشد. فروپاشی نظام سوسیالیستی منجر به پیدایش مجموعه ای از بحران ها شد: بحران ایدئولوژیک - فروپاشی ایده سوسیالیستی آموزش و پرورش، که تا حدی با ایدئولوژی نئولیبرالیسم جایگزین شده است. بحران اجتماعی - از بین بردن نظام رفاه سوسیالیستی و تلاش برای جایگزینی آن با الگوهای غربی رفاه اجتماعی. بحران اقتصادی - انتقال از اقتصاد برنامه ریزی به اقتصاد بازار که منجر به بدتر شدن زیرساخت های آموزشی شد. بحران فرهنگی - فرهنگ جمع گرا با تغییرات مختلف و جایگزینی ارتقای فرهنگ ملی و / یا منطقه ای و بالاخره بحران ساختاری که در آن کشورهای با ساختارهای آموزشی مشابهی شیوه های مختلفی را برای بازسازی این آموزش انتخاب کردند. پس از شکست در نظام قبلی، محققان غربی معتقد بودند که مدل مشترک انتقال بسیار ساده خواهد بود - کشورهای پسا سوسیالیستی باید مدرن ترین مدل های آموزش غربی را فرا گیرند. با این حال، گذار از مسیر تجویز شده پیروی نکرده و کشورهای پسا سوسیالیستی مسیرهای مختلف توسعه آموزشی را انتخاب کرده اند

Keywords [Persian]

  • کشورهای پسا سوسیالیستی
  • بحران های متعدد
  • تحولات آموزشی
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